Quotes, Quotes, Quotes

Here is the original article that appeared in The New York Times. It is quite fascinating as well as thought provoking.

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April 15, 2007

Global Warming Called Security Threat

By ANDREW C. REVKIN and TIMOTHY WILLIAMS

For the second time in a month, private consultants to the government are warning that human-driven warming of the climate poses risks to the national security of the United States.

A report, scheduled to be published on Monday but distributed to some reporters yesterday, said issues usually associated with the environment — like rising ocean levels, droughts and violent weather caused by global warming — were also national security concerns.

“Unlike the problems that we are used to dealing with, these will come upon us extremely slowly, but come they will, and they will be grinding and inexorable,” Richard J. Truly, a retired United States Navy vice admiral and former NASA administrator, said in the report.

The effects of global warming, the study said, could lead to large-scale migrations, increased border tensions, the spread of disease and conflicts over food and water. All could lead to direct involvement by the United States military.

The report recommends that climate change be integrated into the nation’s security strategies and says the United States “should commit to a stronger national and international role to help stabilize climate changes at levels that will avoid significant disruption to global security and stability.”

The report, called “National Security and the Threat of Climate Change,” was commissioned by the Center for Naval Analyses, a government-financed research group, and written by a group of retired generals and admirals called the Military Advisory Board.

In March, a report from the Global Business Network, which advises intelligence agencies and the Pentagon on occasion, concluded, among other things, that rising seas and more powerful storms could eventually generate unrest as crowded regions like Bangladesh’s sinking delta become less habitable.

One of the authors of the report, Peter Schwartz, a consultant who studies climate risks and other trends for the Defense Department and other clients, said the climate system, jogged by a century-long buildup of heat-trapping gases, was likely to rock between extremes that could wreak havoc in poor countries with fragile societies.

“Just look at Somalia in the early 1990s,” Mr. Schwartz said. “You had disruption driven by drought, leading to the collapse of a society, humanitarian relief efforts, and then disastrous U.S. military intervention. That event is prototypical of the future.”

“Picture that in Central America or the Caribbean, which are just as likely,” he said. “This is not distant, this is now. And we need to be preparing.”

Other recent studies have shown that drought and scant water have already fueled civil conflicts in global hot spots like Afghanistan, Nepal, and Sudan, according to several recent studies.

This bodes ill, given projections that human-driven warming is likely to make some of the world’s driest, poorest places drier still, experts said.

“The evidence is fairly clear that sharp downward deviations from normal rainfall in fragile societies elevate the risk of major conflict,” said Marc Levy of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, which recently published a study on the relationship between climate and civil war.

Given that climate models project drops in rainfall in such places in a warming world, Mr. Levy said, “It seems irresponsible not to take into account the possibility that a world with climate change will be a more violent world when making judgments about how tolerable such a world might be.”

Copyright 2007 New York Times, all rights reserved

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The Analysis:

The first quote in this story comes in the third paragraph, towards the beginning of the story. Spoken by Richard J. Truly, it reads, “Unlike the problems that we are used to dealing with, these will come upon us extremely slowly, but come they will, and they will be grinding and inexorable.”

This quote is driving and quite effective. It immediately takes the story to a new level of intensity with its imminence. This forceful and insisting opinion shines a harsh light on the actions of the current administration. It especially draws attention to Team Bush’s supposed good-will beefing up of national security. These are confusing times with many heated opinions flying back and fourth between parties and individuals and we often get caught up in the issue-of-the-week as decreed by some governmental institution or corporate media colossus. New opinions like this one, voiced by intelligent people, hit home. It is unusual and in that it makes for a much more effective integral part of the story.

The quote itself is successful in achieving its task but one of the main reasons it does this is the prominence of the individual who uttered it. According to the article, Richard J. Truly seems like quite a respectable and intelligent man. He was a retired United States Navy vice admiral and former NASA administrator. Reading this, we consider the quote to be a professional and trustworthy opinion.

There are four sources in this story. These include “National Security and the Threat of Climate Change,” the report drawn up by the Military Advisory Board; Richard J. Truly, the retired United States Navy vice admiral and former NASA administrator; Peter Schwartz, a consultant who studies climate risks and other trends for the Defense Department and other clients and one of the authors of the report; and Marc Levy of the Earth Institute at Columbia University.

The story is not very long and these three individuals and the report are more than enough support for this story. I don’t believe that any additional sources are necessary. The quotes used in the story are very effective in achieving the prominence and urgency that this story requires.

Effective Lead Analysis

A story was posted on the Miami Herald website on Wed, Mar. 28, 2007. This was the title:

Botched robbery leads to chaos at Miami Beach bank

The lead was as follows:

"A mysterious caller played a ''cat-and-mouse'' game with police Tuesday, threatening to open fire on a busy Miami Beach street if they did not release a bank robbery suspect."

This is a salient feature lead. It only highlights one outstanding aspect of the story: the fact that an anonymous caller was threatening to pick off good, law-abiding Miamians in the middle of rush hour. This wasn't the main focus of the story and the lead certainly doesn't encompass all the facts of the story: the actual bank robbery, apprehension of the suspect, etc.

The reason why this lead is so effective is that it's exciting. It pulls the reader into the story with the promise of the gritty, cop-drama action television has familiarized him with that he loves so very much. Any good high school English teacher will tell you that the key to a good story, the way to get your reader to actually read it, is to have an attention-grabbing first paragraph and better yet, to have a scintillating first line. Once the reader sees this, his attention will be suficiently grabbed and he will be interested to read more. This is the same strategy employed in this story. The idea of a man threatening to open fire on Miami commuters unless police release a bank robbery suspect is eye-catching; it encourages the target audience to read on and it is quite effective.

Absence of Malice Review

Absence of Malice brought up some very interesting journalistic issues concerning responsibility, accuracy and truth in reporting. The most provocative question the movie posed was if "truth" is really true. Most individuals in professions in which the "truth" is a pivotal and necessary aspect rarely consider what truth is exactly or what constitutes it.

This is especially pertinent in journalism.

Few journalists take the time to "stop scribbling, put the ballpoint pen down" and think about the effects of their actions and whether or not what they're reporting is fact or opinion. They strive to be objective which is defined in many journalists' minds as reporting "THE TRUTH." However, what most reporters fail to realize is that the meaning of the word, "truth," is subjective.

The word, truth, is all too often overused and under-interpreted nowadays. As it is used and overused, the real meaning and force behind this magnificent word becomes bastardized and trite. Oftentimes journalists hide behind the word. As Sally Field espoused in Absence of Malice when Paul Newman accused her story as the reason behind his sister's suicide, "I was just reporting the truth."

The truth indeed; in this age of uncertainty not only journalists but all of us must take more stock in what we talk about and say of others. We must think before we act; thinking about the consequences of our words and our doings. Only then can we become more responsible and sympathetic people.

This is My Title

This is my content. Blah blah blah blah blah.

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